Heterochromatin plays a pivotal role in organizing our genome in the nucleus and separating active from inactive genomic regions. In this Podcast Episode our Guest Gary Karpen from UC Berkely sits down with our Host Stefan Dillinger to talk about the regulation of this chromatin structure and how DNA repair mechanisms function in this densely packed nuclear compartment. Furthermore, they also discuss how phase separation might be an important part in how heterochromatin domains are formed. References Jamy C. Peng, Gary H. Karpen (2009) Heterochromatic Genome Stability Requires Regulators of Histone H3 K9 Methylation (PLoS Genetics) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000435 Peter V. Kharchenko, Artyom A. Alekseyenko, … Peter J. Park (2011) Comprehensive analysis of the chromatin landscape in Drosophila melanogaster (Nature) DOI: 10.1038/nature09725 Aniek Janssen, Serafin U. Colmenares, … Gary H. Karpen (2019) Timely double-strand break repair and pathway choice in pericentromeric heterochromatin depend on the histone demethylase dKDM4A (Genes & Development) DOI: 10.1101/gad.317537.118 Amy R. Strom, Alexander V. Emelyanov, … Gary H. Karpen (2017) Phase separation drives heterochromatin domain formation (Nature) DOI: 10.1038/nature22989 Contact https://twitter.com/activemotif https://twitter.com/epigenetics_pod https://www.linkedin.com/company-beta/35651/ https://www.facebook.com/ActiveMotifInc/ https://activemotif.com/blog podcast@activemotif.com
Erschienen: 09.05.2019
Dauer: 34:07
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "Heterochromatin and Phase Separation (Gary Karpen)"
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease, which is caused by the failure of beta-cells in the pancreas and insulin resistance in peripheral tissue and characterized by high glucose levels in the blood. World-wide 382 Million people suffer from Diabetes which makes up 8,3% of the population. Due to this high proportion it is of high interest to find a cure for this disease. The restoration of β-cell mass and function has therefore become a field of intensive research seeking for the next generation of anti-diabetic drugs. Tremendous efforts have been made on deciphering epigenetic regulations that control metabolic tissue function. For several years, the team led by Dr. Jean-Sebastien Annicotte has dissected the molecular links between insulin producing cells, insulin target tissues and T2D/obesity development. Especially, the team research has been focused on the role of cell cycle regulators and their transcriptional co-regulators in the control of metabolic homeostasis, T2D and obesity. References Jean-Sébastien Annicotte, Elisabeth Fayard, … Johan Auwerx (2003) Pancreatic-Duodenal Homeobox 1 Regulates Expression of Liver Receptor Homolog 1 during Pancreas Development (Molecular and Cellular Biology) DOI: 10.1128/MCB.23.19.6713-6724.2003 Jean-Sébastien Annicotte, Emilie Blanchet, … Lluis Fajas (2009) The CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway controls insulin secretion (Nature Cell Biology) DOI: 10.1038/ncb1915 Emilie Blanchet, Jean-Sébastien Annicotte, … Lluis Fajas (2011) E2F transcription factor-1 regulates oxidative metabolism (Nature Cell Biology) DOI: 10.1038/ncb2309 Nabil Rabhi, Pierre-Damien Denechaud, … Jean-Sébastien Annicotte (2016) KAT2B Is Required for Pancreatic Beta Cell Adaptation to Metabolic Stress by Controlling the Unfolded Protein Response (Cell Reports) DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.079 Albert Giralt, Pierre-Damien Denechaud, … Lluis Fajas (2018) E2F1 promotes hepatic gluconeogenesis and contributes to hyperglycemia during diabetes (Molecular Metabolism) DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.02.011 Contact https://twitter.com/activemotif https://twitter.com/epigenetics_pod https://www.linkedin.com/company-beta/35651/ https://www.facebook.com/ActiveMotifInc/ https://activemotif.com/blog eurotech@activemotif.com
Erschienen: 04.04.2019
Dauer: 18:58
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "Diabetes and Epigenetics (Jean-Sébastien Anicotte)"
In the seventh Episode of Active Motif's Epigenetics Podcast our host Dr. Stefan Dillinger sat down with Prof. Edith Heard, designated Director General of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), to talk about the challenges and goals of her new position as Director General of the EMBL. Furthermore, they also talk about her research on X-inactivation and dosage compensation. References Heard Lab - https://science.institut-curie.org/research/biology-cancer-genetics-and-epigenetics/developmental-biology-and-genetics/team-heard/ Elphège P. Nora, Bryan R. Lajoie, … Edith Heard (2012) Spatial partitioning of the regulatory landscape of the X-inactivation centre (Nature) DOI: 10.1038/nature11049 Luca Giorgetti, Bryan R. Lajoie, … Job Dekker (2016) Structural organization of the inactive X chromosome in the mouse (Nature) DOI: 10.1038/nature18589 Luca Giorgetti, Rafael Galupa, … Edith Heard (2014) Predictive Polymer Modeling Reveals Coupled Fluctuations in Chromosome Conformation and Transcription (Cell) DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.025 Maud Borensztein, Laurène Syx, … Edith Heard (2017) Xist-dependent imprinted X inactivation and the early developmental consequences of its failure (Nature Structural & Molecular Biology) DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3365 Contact https://twitter.com/epigenetics_pod https://www.linkedin.com/company-beta/35651/ https://www.facebook.com/ActiveMotifInc/ dillinger@activemotif.com
Erschienen: 21.11.2018
Dauer: 35:06
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "AMP007 - Epigenetics and X-inactivation (Edith Heard)"
In the sixth Episode of Active Motif's Epigenetics Podcast our host Dr. Stefan Dillinger sits down with Prof. Susan Gasser, director of the Friedrich Miescher Institute in Basel, to talk about her research on heterochromatin, its localization in the nucleus and factors that are involved in the anchoring genomic regions at the nuclear periphery.
Erschienen: 15.10.2018
Dauer: 33:23
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "AMP006 - Chromatin organization (Susan Gasser)"
In the fifth Episode of the Epigenetics Podcast of Active Motif our host Dr. Stefan Dillinger sits down with Prof. Henk Stunnenberg, full professor and head of the Department of Molecular Biology at the Radboud University in Nijmegen, to talk about his research in Epigenetics and his contributions to the BLUEPRINT and Human Cell Atlas consortia.
Erschienen: 12.09.2018
Dauer: 00:33:34
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "AMP005 - Epigenomics (Henk Stunnenberg)"
The ageing population and challenges that arise from ageing are one of the great scientific challenges of this time. In the fourth Episode of the ...
The ageing population and challenges that arise from ageing are one of the great scientific challenges of this time. In the fourth Episode of the Epigenetics Podcast from Active Motif, our host Dr. Stefan Dillinger talks with Dr. Peter Tessarz from the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing about his contributions to the field of ageing and also, which epigenetic factors play a role in this process. References for this episode Tessarz Lab: https://www.age.mpg.de/science/research-labs/tessarz/ Hayflick, Moorhead. 1961. The serial cultivation of human diploid cell strains. Exp Cell Res. Dec;25:585-621. Donna Lowe, Steve Horvath and Kenneth Raj. 2016. Epigenetic clock analyses of cellular senescence and ageing. Oncotarget. 2016; 7:8524-8531. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.7383 Peter Tessarz, Helena Santos-Rosa, … Tony Kouzarides. 2014. Glutamine methylation in histone H2A is an RNA-polymerase-I-dedicated modification. Nature. 2014 Jan 23; 505, 564–568. doi:10.1038/nature12819 Peter Tessarz, Tony Kouzarides. 2014. Histone core modifications regulating nucleosome structure and dynamics. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2014 Oct 15: 15, 703–708. doi:10.1038/nrm3890 Payel Sen, Parisha P. Shah, Rafaella Nativio, & Shelley L. Berger. 2016. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Longevity and Aging. Cell. 2016 Aug 11: 166,4,822-839. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.050 Active Motif Contact Details Follow Active Motif on Twitter Follow our Epigenetics Podcast on Twitter Join us on LinkedIn Like us on Facebook Email us @Active Motif Europe or Active Motif North America.
Erschienen: 03.01.2018
Dauer: 00:30:52
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "AMP004 - Ageing and Epigenetics"
Cancer has become one of the most dangerous diseases of the aging population of industrialized countries. Finding tools to fight cancer is hard, because Cancer ...
Cancer has become one of the most dangerous diseases of the aging population of industrialized countries. Finding tools to fight cancer is hard, because Cancer represents itself as a highly heterogeneous, with over 100 types of cancers described. Cancer does not only affect aged humans, but has been observed in children in the form of e.g. Medulloblastoma. In the third episode of Active Motif's Epigenetics Podcast, our host Dr. Stefan Dillinger sits down with Dr. David Jones, group leader at the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, to talk about his research on Medulloblastoma and also the emerging role of epigenetic factors in Cancer. References for this episode Alioto, Ivo Buchhalter, … Ivo G. Gut. A comprehensive assessment of somatic mutation detection in cancer using whole-genome sequencing. Nature Communications. 2015 Dec 9; 6, Article number: 10001 doi:10.1038/ncomms10001 David TW Jones, Natalie Jäger, … Peter Lichter. ICGC PedBrain: Dissecting the genomic complexity underlying medulloblastoma. Nature. 2012 Aug 2; 488(7409): 100–105. doi:10.1038/nature11284an-Feb; 2(1): 47–60. DOI: 10.4161/nucl.2.1.13271 Jeremy Schwartzentruber, Andrey Korshunov, … Nada Jabado. Driver mutations in histone H3.3 and chromatin remodelling genes in paediatric glioblastoma. Nature. 2012 Feb 9; 482, 226–231 doi:10.1038/nature10833 Active Motif Contact Details Follow Active Motif on Twitter Follow our Epigenetics Podcast on Twitter Join us on LinkedIn Like us on Facebook Email us @Active Motif Europe or Active Motif North America.
Erschienen: 31.10.2017
Dauer: 00:32:44
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "AMP003 - Cancer and Epigenetics"
The Nucleosome is the basic building unit of chromatin. It consists out of 147 base pairs of double stranded DNA wrapped around the Histone core ...
The Nucleosome is the basic building unit of chromatin. It consists out of 147 base pairs of double stranded DNA wrapped around the Histone core octamer that consists out of 2 copies of each dimer of H2A/H2B, and H3/H4. Nucleosomes are organized like "beads on a string" to form a modifiable regulatory basis for higher order structures of chromatin. The first images of the nucleosome as a particle was published by our guests Ada and Don Olins from the University of New England in 1974 (Olins, A. L. & Olins, D. E. Spheroid Chromatin Units (ν Bodies). Science 183, 330–332 (1974).). This observation lead the way to numerous discoveries around chromatin which ultimately culminated in the discovery of the 2.8 Angstrom high-resolution crystal structure 20 years ago in the year 1997 (Luger, K., Mäder, A. W., Richmond, R. K., Sargent, D. F. & Richmond, T. J. Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution. Nature 389, 251–260 (1997).) References for this episode Ada L. Olins, Donald E. Olins. Spheroid Chromatin Units (ν Bodies). Science. 25 Jan 1974: Vol. 183, Issue 4122, pp. 330-332. DOI: 10.1126/science.183.4122.330 Ada L. Olins, Donald E. Olins, et al. An epichromatin epitope. Nucleus. 2011 Jan-Feb; 2(1): 47–60. DOI: 10.4161/nucl.2.1.13271 Active Motif Contact Details Follow us on Twitter Join us on LinkedIn Like us on Facebook Email us @Active Motif Europe or Active Motif North America.
Erschienen: 11.09.2017
Dauer: 00:34:20
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was first developed in Drosophila, where interactions of RNA Pol II with genes were investigated (Mol. Cell. Biol. August 1985 vol. 5 ...
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was first developed in Drosophila, where interactions of RNA Pol II with genes were investigated (Mol. Cell. Biol. August 1985 vol. 5 no. 8 2009-2018). Then, in a 1993 publication, (Genes & Dev. 1993 7:592-604), the group of James Broach described the association of histone acetylation state with transcriptional gene silencing in yeast. The technique was first used successfully in mammalian cells by Richard Treisman's group, published in 1998 (Cell (1998) 92:475-87). Chromatin Immunoprecipitation is used to link specific states of chromatin to individual loci in a cell, to understand how genes are regulated, and to decipher the Histone Code. In this Episode, we discuss the multiple challenges of ChIP experiments and the difficulties that can arise during different steps of the process. References for this episode Epigenetics News: Chung-Chau Hon, Jordan A. Ramilowski, … Alistair R. R. Forrest. An atlas of human long non-coding RNAs with accurate 5′ ends. Nature. March 2017. doi:10.1038/nature21374 Jennifer L. Guerriero, Alaba Sotayo, … Anthony Letai. Class IIa HDAC inhibition reduces breast tumours and metastases through anti-tumour macrophages. Nature. March 2017. doi:10.1038/nature21409 Nitika Taneja, Martin Zofall, … Shiv I. S. Grewal. SNF2 Family Protein Fft3 Suppresses Nucleosome Turnover to Promote Epigenetic Inheritance and Proper Replication. Molecular Cell. April 2017. DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.006 Multiple Challenges in ChIP D. S. Gilmour, J. T. Lis. In vivo interactions of RNA polymerase II with genes of Drosophila melanogaster. Molecular and Cellular Biology. August 1985. doi:10.1128/MCB.5.8.2009 M. Braunstein, A. B. Rose, … J. R. Broach. Transcriptional silencing in yeast is associated with reduced nucleosome acetylation. Genes & Development. 1993. doi:10.1101/gad.7.4.592 Arthur S. Alberts, Olivier Geneste, Richard Treisman. Activation of SRF-Regulated Chromosomal Templates by Rho-Family GTPases Requires a Signal that Also Induces H4 Hyperacetylation. Cell. February 1986. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80941-1 Active Motif Contact Details Follow us on Twitter Join us on LinkedIn Like us on Facebook Email us @Active Motif Europe or Active Motif North America.
Erschienen: 09.06.2017
Dauer: 00:35:48
Weitere Informationen zur Episode "AMP001- Multiple Challenges in ChIP"
